Lehman Brothers

Dead

1847–2008

Survived the Civil War, two World Wars, and the Great Depression. Didn't survive mortgage-backed securities.

Industry Finance
Headquarters New York, NY
Founded 1847
Died 2008
Peak employees 26,200
Peak revenue $19.3B (2007)
Cause of death Financial crisis

Lehman Brothers started as a dry goods store in Montgomery, Alabama, founded by three Bavarian immigrant brothers. It grew into one of the most storied investment banks on Wall Street, surviving 158 years of American financial history.

In the 2000s, Lehman dove headfirst into subprime mortgage-backed securities and collateralized debt obligations. When the housing bubble burst, Lehman was holding $613 billion in debt. CEO Dick Fuld tried desperately to find a buyer. Bank of America chose Merrill Lynch instead. Barclays walked away. The federal government, which had just bailed out Bear Stearns, decided to let Lehman fail.

On September 15, 2008, Lehman filed the largest bankruptcy in American history. The Dow dropped 500 points. The global financial system seized. The resulting crisis wiped out $10 trillion in global market value and triggered the worst recession since the 1930s. Lehman became the face of the financial crisis and a permanent case study in systemic risk.

Timeline

1847

Henry Lehman opens a dry goods store in Montgomery, Alabama

1850

Brothers Emanuel and Mayer join; firm becomes Lehman Brothers

1858

Opens office in New York, shifts to commodities trading

1994

Spun off from American Express as independent firm

2003

Begins aggressive expansion into mortgage-backed securities

2007

Reports record revenue of $19.3 billion

2008

Stock drops 73% in first half of year

2008

Files Chapter 11 on September 15; largest bankruptcy in US history

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